Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Hloov Kub Kub Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Hlau Ua Npuas Ncauj thiab Nws Daim Ntawv Thov hauv HVAC Kev Lag Luam

Lub ntiaj teb kev xav tau lub zog loj hlob ntawm tus nqi kwv yees li 1.3% hauv ib xyoos, thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev txo qis yog ib qho ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb, yog li cov khoom siv txuag hluav taws xob hauv kev siv hluav taws xob (kub hloov hluav taws xob, kev txuag hluav taws xob, thiab Kev siv cua sov) yog qhov nyiam heev.

Hlau ua npuas ncaujyog cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis uas tau npaj los ntawm Asmeskas tus kws tshawb fawb Sosnick hauv xyoo 1948, ib hom pore tsim los ntawm cov hlau ligament-hom skeleton thiab pore units interconnected nrog qhib hlwb, txhua qhov qhib cell (pore) suav nrog 12 ~ 14 pentagonal lossis hexagonal nto, khoom raualuminium, steel, npib tsib xee, tooj liab, ceramics, thiab hlau alloys, uas muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm ob qho tib si-theem-theem hlau thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm discrete-theem pores.
Hlau foams yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no:
1. Lub pore txoj kab uas hla yog qhov nruab nrab txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov qhib thiab qhov ntev ntawm 0.1 mus rau 10 hli;
2. Skeleton txoj kab uas hla yog qhov nruab nrab txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov pob txha hlau;
3. pore ntom yog tus naj npawb ntawm pores ib nti thiab muaj feem xyuam rau cell loj, pore loj, thiab tav loj;
4. porosity ε yog qhov ntim feem ntawm qhov pores tau los ntawm qhov loj thiab ntim ntsuas ntawm cov qauv, xws li 80% mus rau 99%, thiab tuaj yeem muab faib ua qhov qhib thiab kaw qhov pores raws li seb cov pores puas permeable lossis tsis.
Vim yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov dej ntws thiab kev sib hloov cua sov, daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub zog teb yog feem ntau qhib pore hom, uas muaj ib tug nruam thiab unobstructed peb-dimensional pore qauv nyob rau hauv, thiab muaj pores ntawm lub cev pob txha, thiab cov kua yuav ntws. nyob rau hauv lub pores, nrog porosity ε> 80%, loj cheeb tsam cheeb tsam (1000 ~ 5000 m2 / m3), loj thermal conductivity, thiab zoo tshav kub kev ua tau zoo, uas yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub exchanger, electronic cooling, thiab roj cell. Hauv cov chaw siv hluav taws xob, nws yog siv hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hnub ci, cov khoom siv hnub ci, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam.
Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv thiab lub cev nta ntawm hlau ua npuas ncauj, tshawb xyuas cov functionalized daim ntawv thov ntawm hlau ua npuas ncauj nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm HVAC, feem, los ntawm tshav kub hloov lwm lub tsev, tshav kub sau, tshav kub cia 3 yam ntawm nws cov ntsiab kev siv thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm txoj kev tshawb no, lub ntsiab. cov kev tshawb pom yog raws li nram no:
(1) lub tshav kub exchanger embedded nyob rau hauv cov hlau ua npuas ncauj yog ib tug heev npaum compact tshav kub exchanger, uas yuav ua rau kom lub convective tshav kub hloov coefficient los ntawm 3 ~ 9 zaug; cov khoom sib txawv (tooj liab, aluminium, nickel) tuaj yeem txhim kho lub peev xwm los ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv, thiab cov khoom sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv; ua npuas ncauj hlau nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav ntawm tshav kub hloov nyob rau hauv lub porosity, pore density, thiab permeability ntawm lub pore scale yog los txiav txim lub tshav kub hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm lub ntsiab tsis zoo; cov tsis muaj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm tshav kub hloov lwm lub tsev, lub siab poob, qhov khiav ntawm lub coupling ntawm tshav kub hloov coefficient yog lub ntsiab parameter; tsis nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm tshav kub hloov, siab poob, ntws ntawm cov khoom Coupling ntawm lub tshav kub hloov coefficient ntawm lub ntsiab tsis yuav tsum tau txiav txim, yog tus tsim ntawm lub tshav kub exchanger yog lub ntsiab qhia tsis.
(2) Hlau ua npuas ncauj yog siv nyob rau hauv lub hnub ci collector chaw, vim cov hlau ua npuas ncauj siv nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias qhov teeb meem no, cov nyhuv tshav kub yog pom tseeb thiab tseem ceeb. Kev sib txuas ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov kub siab hauv cov txheej txheem hloov hluav taws xob, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov hlau ua npuas ncauj, ua rau cov khoom cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm zoo thermal conductivity ntawm cov hlau ua npuas ncauj thiab cov cua kub hloov ntau yam. thiab complex. Feem ntau siv yog cov khoom nqus hluav taws xob ncaj qha thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntim hluav taws xob, nyob rau hauv uas cov khoom nqus dej yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov hlau ua npuas ncauj ntawm lub hnub ci zog nqus yog qhov tseem ceeb, nruab nrab ntawm cov hlau, ua npuas dej thiab cov dej kub hloov pauv tsis ncaj cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub hnub ci zog txais; volumetric collector yog siv cov huab cua ntws thiab hnub ci zog ntws mus rau hauv lub cuab yeej, lub geometry thiab cov khoom configuration ntawm cov hlau ua npuas ncauj occupies lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb.
(3)Hlau ua npuas ncaujyog siv nyob rau hauv thermal zog cia li vim lub continuation ntawm cov qauv thiab high efficiency ntawm thermal conductivity, siv nws high thermal conductivity, siab porosity thiab siab tshwj xeeb nto, thiab theem hloov cov ntaub ntawv nrog loj tshav kub cia muaj peev xwm, yooj yim qauv thiab tsis xav tau. siv lub zog ntxiv, thiab lwm yam, qhov zoo ntawm superposition ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hloov cov ntaub ntawv, txhim kho cov cua sov hloov ntawm paraffin, ntxiv dag zog rau cov thermal conductivity ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv, kev kawm txog kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlau ua npuas dej hauv theem. hloov khoom siv Kev txhim kho ntawm cov hlau ua npuas dej hauv cov txheej txheem hloov cov khoom siv, hloov cov porosity thiab pore nplai, xaiv cov khoom siv, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ntawm lub sijhawm hloov pauv lub sij hawm, qhov kub thiab txias, lub sij hawm cia kub thiab hloov hluav taws xob muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau tom qab optimization ntawm tus tsim ntawm cov cuab yeej muab ib tug tej yam theoretical hauv paus.